December 2015 Chit Chat
+16
Way2Old4Dis
Joanna
party animal - not!
LizzyNY
Nicky80
it's me
annemarie
melbert
Katiedot
PigPen
LornaDoone
fava
What Would He Say
Donnamarie
carolhathaway
amaretti
20 posters
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December 2015 Chit Chat
Now's the countdown for all you shoppers who celebrate Christmas. My list will be forthcoming for all who want to send me a present! GEORGE !!!!!
That's all I want for Christmas...
That's all I want for Christmas...
melbert- George Clooney fan forever!
- Posts : 19324
Join date : 2010-12-06
Location : George's House
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Well are you a funster . Maybe George will roll out his zenith for you .
amaretti- Training to be Mrs Clooney?
- Posts : 2390
Join date : 2012-08-15
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Again, Melbert? Again? You can't have him every Christmas. You know that!
ps: are we calling it a zenith now? :p
ps: are we calling it a zenith now? :p
Katiedot- Admin
- Posts : 13223
Join date : 2010-12-05
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
I will loan him out for short periods of time, but the rest is MINE!
melbert- George Clooney fan forever!
- Posts : 19324
Join date : 2010-12-06
Location : George's House
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Hehehehe
Nice way to start a month
Nice way to start a month
it's me- George Clooney fan forever!
- Posts : 18398
Join date : 2011-01-03
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
I just read that Mark Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla welcomed a Baby Girl yesterday and wrote her a letter:
https://www.facebook.com/notes/mark-zuckerberg/a-letter-to-our-daughter/10153375081581634
So they decided to give 99 % of their Facebook shares - currently about $ 45 Billion to found an initiative "to advance human potential and promote equality for all children in the next generation. Our initial areas of focus will be personalized learning, curing disease, connecting people and building strong communities."
I've already heard and read of negative comments on this.
Comments like: "Well, the 1 % they keep is still about $ 450 Million so it's not as if they would be starving.' Or 'If a poor person gives 1 % of his or her income and that's $10 that's much more value than this.' Or 'They are doing this to pay less taxes, to enhance the image Facebook has'. Or 'They just follow Bill and Melinda Gates'. Or 'Nobody knows the value of their shares in a few years so maybe it won't be that much money in the future.'
I guess they all might be right and I'm not on Facebook and am not a fan but: They don't need to do this. They could keep all the shares and spend it themselves (I don't know if you actually can spend so much money, I can't imagine to have so much). Many of the rich Germans left our country and now live in countries with less or no taxes. Many of the rich people don't return any money to our society but a discussion already started due to the Gates'. At least it's money which is used for good and it's not illegal so for me this doesn't really matter.
How do you guys think about that?
https://www.facebook.com/notes/mark-zuckerberg/a-letter-to-our-daughter/10153375081581634
So they decided to give 99 % of their Facebook shares - currently about $ 45 Billion to found an initiative "to advance human potential and promote equality for all children in the next generation. Our initial areas of focus will be personalized learning, curing disease, connecting people and building strong communities."
I've already heard and read of negative comments on this.
Comments like: "Well, the 1 % they keep is still about $ 450 Million so it's not as if they would be starving.' Or 'If a poor person gives 1 % of his or her income and that's $10 that's much more value than this.' Or 'They are doing this to pay less taxes, to enhance the image Facebook has'. Or 'They just follow Bill and Melinda Gates'. Or 'Nobody knows the value of their shares in a few years so maybe it won't be that much money in the future.'
I guess they all might be right and I'm not on Facebook and am not a fan but: They don't need to do this. They could keep all the shares and spend it themselves (I don't know if you actually can spend so much money, I can't imagine to have so much). Many of the rich Germans left our country and now live in countries with less or no taxes. Many of the rich people don't return any money to our society but a discussion already started due to the Gates'. At least it's money which is used for good and it's not illegal so for me this doesn't really matter.
How do you guys think about that?
carolhathaway- Achieving total Clooney-dom
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Join date : 2015-03-24
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
I think it's wonderful that they want to give the money and have it used for good. Some people are simply jealous and have to say something.
I would love to know how much these people give to charity.
I would love to know how much these people give to charity.
annemarie- Over the Clooney moon
- Posts : 10309
Join date : 2011-09-11
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
I just read that Sandra Bullock adopted a little girl She is 3 1\2 years old. She had to keep it private because the little girl came from a foster home.
annemarie- Over the Clooney moon
- Posts : 10309
Join date : 2011-09-11
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Yay for Sandy. How great is that. Louie has a sister.
carolh, I've always thought that negative comments like those are from people who are jealous and resentful of those who have obtained success and wealth. Success and wealth are not dirty words but I think there are people who are incredibly cynical of others who have it. George gets the same kind of animosity. Doesn't matter how many good deeds a person performs in their life. The naysayers will always claim selfish motives at work.
carolh, I've always thought that negative comments like those are from people who are jealous and resentful of those who have obtained success and wealth. Success and wealth are not dirty words but I think there are people who are incredibly cynical of others who have it. George gets the same kind of animosity. Doesn't matter how many good deeds a person performs in their life. The naysayers will always claim selfish motives at work.
Donnamarie- Possibly more Clooney than George himself
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Location : Washington, DC
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Donna,
the only thing that is weird to me is the value of Facebook and Zuckerberg's shares. I mean, Facebook is an immaterial product and just his owner's shares have a value of $45 billion! They don't produce anything, and even compared to companies like Apple or Microsoft it's not necessary. That's insane for me...
the only thing that is weird to me is the value of Facebook and Zuckerberg's shares. I mean, Facebook is an immaterial product and just his owner's shares have a value of $45 billion! They don't produce anything, and even compared to companies like Apple or Microsoft it's not necessary. That's insane for me...
carolhathaway- Achieving total Clooney-dom
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Join date : 2015-03-24
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
I did the unthinkable , I read the Daily fail comments on Sandy I shouldn't have. People are just idiots one person wrote these poor children will never know what having a real family is with a mom and a dad. Maybe she will adopt one for them. What the hell if you can't say something nice don't say a damn thing.
annemarie- Over the Clooney moon
- Posts : 10309
Join date : 2011-09-11
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Got that right annemarie. Sometimes I lose faith in humanity. When I read idiot comments like that or try to understand why anyone in their right mind would support Donald Trump (off topic) and the hateful comments he says or the lies he tells over and over again. Sorry. Had to throw that in.
But I keep telling myself these people are a small segment of the population. I think most people are kindhearted (I do, I do I do) and would be happy for the expanded Bullock family. Most of them just don't bother to post on these media sites.
But I keep telling myself these people are a small segment of the population. I think most people are kindhearted (I do, I do I do) and would be happy for the expanded Bullock family. Most of them just don't bother to post on these media sites.
Donnamarie- Possibly more Clooney than George himself
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Location : Washington, DC
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
carolhathaway wrote:Donna,
the only thing that is weird to me is the value of Facebook and Zuckerberg's shares. I mean, Facebook is an immaterial product and just his owner's shares have a value of $45 billion! They don't produce anything, and even compared to companies like Apple or Microsoft it's not necessary. That's insane for me...
Yes it does seem crazy. It's an international social media service for a global society. Not tangible but practically everyone uses it. Timing is everything. Zuckerberg came along just as the Internet was booming and created a new way for people to communicate on a global scale. It is unimaginable and equally amazing to make that kind of money.
Donnamarie- Possibly more Clooney than George himself
- Posts : 5881
Join date : 2014-08-26
Location : Washington, DC
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
About Sandra's adoptions:
Do those people think that the kids have a better life when they grow up in a foster home, without parents, than with a single parent? That's a reality now, a high percentage of kids grow up with just one parent.
I always think it's the same when people say that homosexuals shouldn't adopt. Just because it's not the 'usual' sort of family? Are they worse parents than heterosexuals?
Do those people think that the kids have a better life when they grow up in a foster home, without parents, than with a single parent? That's a reality now, a high percentage of kids grow up with just one parent.
I always think it's the same when people say that homosexuals shouldn't adopt. Just because it's not the 'usual' sort of family? Are they worse parents than heterosexuals?
carolhathaway- Achieving total Clooney-dom
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Join date : 2015-03-24
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Donnamarie wrote:Got that right annemarie. Sometimes I lose faith in humanity. When I read idiot comments like that or try to understand why anyone in their right mind would support Donald Trump (off topic) and the hateful comments he says or the lies he tells over and over again. Sorry. Had to throw that in.
But I keep telling myself these people are a small segment of the population. I think most people are kindhearted (I do, I do I do) and would be happy for the expanded Bullock family. Most of them just don't bother to post on these media sites.
Donna,
it always seems a bit weird to me to read these comments to an article so I try to avoid reading them if possible. It would really frighten me if they were representative - I just hope they aren't. Can't imagine that (No, No, No!).
I wouldn't even think of commenting those articles but quite some people seem to feel this need and because they all seem to have on the same level (and my mentally handicapped kids seem to have a higher IQ) they feel confirmed, maybe seem to be like others.
I stopped reading comments on articles about George and Amal because they always go back to 'sham marriage', 'fake marriage', 'he's gay' etc. and if there's somebody else writing and saying that they seem to be in love they are often put down by others. So I think 'normal' posters don't comment there which leads to just one opinion.
I often feel as if there are just people on the Internet who feel the world is a big conspiracy theory and there are enemies everywhere.
I just read an online article in one of our acclaimed German news websites about refugees in the EU: The Slowakian president said that his country refuses to accept the rate of refugees the EU wants them to have in their country. They want aliens to stay out of their country and don't want to integrate them. They've got about 150 refugees (in total!) in their Slowakia and this year the government granted asylum to EIGHT refugees! (We in Germany will have about one milliion refugees by the end of this year!) This leads me to the question why on earth Slowakia wants to be part of the EU at all. They did sign the Geneva Convention which tells you how to deal with refugees so if they don't want this they shouldn't benefit from this community as well.
And most of the comments on this article were like: Their government protects their citizens from foreign influences, represents their citizens' interests, protects their own values etc. Wheras our government is called 'traitor to our country', criminals etc. Our chancellor works for ISIS of course.
It's so sickening, I can't tell you! Of course it's a big deal to handle and you can doubt if all the refugees really try to escape the war and terror of ISIS, Assad etc. Or if they just want to escape the poorness and hopelessness in their country, see no future for themselves and their country and don't want to starve. (Which in my opinion is understandable as well. The U.S. were built by these people...)
But when they enter the EU we have to give them a square deal, have to feed them , give them accommodation and try everything to integrate them. Not all of them want to stay here, quite a few will be going back once there's a safe life for them. And I think they should go back feeling that they were treated well, And those who stay should feel welcome. It doesn't mean that they are treated better than our citizens, but there's something called 'humanity', 'empathy' and 'respect for others', and many people seem to have totally forgotten about that...
carolhathaway- Achieving total Clooney-dom
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Join date : 2015-03-24
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
carolhathaway wrote:
I just read an online article in one of our acclaimed German news websites about refugees in the EU: The Slowakian president said that his country refuses to accept the rate of refugees the EU wants them to have in their country. They want aliens to stay out of their country and don't want to integrate them. They've got about 150 refugees (in total!) in their Slowakia and this year the government granted asylum to EIGHT refugees! (We in Germany will have about one milliion refugees by the end of this year!) This leads me to the question why on earth Slowakia wants to be part of the EU at all. They did sign the Geneva Convention which tells you how to deal with refugees so if they don't want this they shouldn't benefit from this community as well.
And most of the comments on this article were like: Their government protects their citizens from foreign influences, represents their citizens' interests, protects their own values etc. Wheras our government is called 'traitor to our country', criminals etc. Our chancellor works for ISIS of course.
It's so sickening, I can't tell you! Of course it's a big deal to handle and you can doubt if all the refugees really try to escape the war and terror of ISIS, Assad etc. Or if they just want to escape the poorness and hopelessness in their country, see no future for themselves and their country and don't want to starve. (Which in my opinion is understandable as well. The U.S. were built by these people...)
But when they enter the EU we have to give them a square deal, have to feed them , give them accommodation and try everything to integrate them. Not all of them want to stay here, quite a few will be going back once there's a safe life for them. And I think they should go back feeling that they were treated well, And those who stay should feel welcome. It doesn't mean that they are treated better than our citizens, but there's something called 'humanity', 'empathy' and 'respect for others', and many people seem to have totally forgotten about that...
Beautifully put CarolH....Let me assure you....home is home, no matter how bad things are....I never ever met a refugee who did not miss home....
Refugee camps are hell on earth....refuge, but not as we know it......
What Would He Say- Mastering the tao of Clooney
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Join date : 2013-05-15
Location : OneDAyComo
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
carolh, your thoughts are heartfelt. Yes, humanity, empathy and respect for others should be key
in the world's response to this ongoing refugee tragedy.
I only wish I could be proud of our country's response to the Syrian crisis. But I am not.
in the world's response to this ongoing refugee tragedy.
I only wish I could be proud of our country's response to the Syrian crisis. But I am not.
Donnamarie- Possibly more Clooney than George himself
- Posts : 5881
Join date : 2014-08-26
Location : Washington, DC
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
WWHS,
I can't even imagine to leave everything behind...
I live in the same village we moved to in 1972... Now my family and I live in the same house my parents had fixed up at that time...
I can show my kids every day how I grew up as a child, where I used to play, where I strolled around, where I went to school...
When you have to leave everything behind this personal history is gone... You can still tell your kids but you can't show it to them, they can't discover and experience it themselves...
My husbands' parents had to leave their home in Silesia in 1947 because it then belonged to Poland. My husband's grandmother called this place her home until she died.
My step-grandfather came from a German exclave in the Czech Republic, and when my parents took him in 1992 everything was gone, the whole village, all houses, his families home, everything... He was able to orientate himself by a mountain (because this hadn't gone), but he was so disappointed. He then realized that he had found a new home nearly 50 years ago... and then called our village home - he had never done that before...
I mean, nowadays we often have to go away due to work, we are not as attached to our hometowns as our ancesters had been for many generations. But it is still there, we can go back whenever we want to. But when you have to escape because there's a war, you have to leave everything behind and don't know if anything - or anybody will be there when you return - or you don't know if you'll ever get the chance to come back at all...
I just can't imagine that that's an easy decision...
I can't even imagine to leave everything behind...
I live in the same village we moved to in 1972... Now my family and I live in the same house my parents had fixed up at that time...
I can show my kids every day how I grew up as a child, where I used to play, where I strolled around, where I went to school...
When you have to leave everything behind this personal history is gone... You can still tell your kids but you can't show it to them, they can't discover and experience it themselves...
My husbands' parents had to leave their home in Silesia in 1947 because it then belonged to Poland. My husband's grandmother called this place her home until she died.
My step-grandfather came from a German exclave in the Czech Republic, and when my parents took him in 1992 everything was gone, the whole village, all houses, his families home, everything... He was able to orientate himself by a mountain (because this hadn't gone), but he was so disappointed. He then realized that he had found a new home nearly 50 years ago... and then called our village home - he had never done that before...
I mean, nowadays we often have to go away due to work, we are not as attached to our hometowns as our ancesters had been for many generations. But it is still there, we can go back whenever we want to. But when you have to escape because there's a war, you have to leave everything behind and don't know if anything - or anybody will be there when you return - or you don't know if you'll ever get the chance to come back at all...
I just can't imagine that that's an easy decision...
carolhathaway- Achieving total Clooney-dom
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Join date : 2015-03-24
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Does anyone know where Nicky is???
She hasn't posted here in quite a while.
She hasn't posted here in quite a while.
Donnamarie- Possibly more Clooney than George himself
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Join date : 2014-08-26
Location : Washington, DC
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
The shootings in California were tragic how horrible for all the family's. I read this morning that neighbors saw them acting suspicious but didn't call the police because they didn't want to be accused of racial profiling.
If someone is acting strange I don't care what their race call someone if they aren't doing anything wrong then there is no problem.
If someone is acting strange I don't care what their race call someone if they aren't doing anything wrong then there is no problem.
annemarie- Over the Clooney moon
- Posts : 10309
Join date : 2011-09-11
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Annemarie,
I feel very sorry for all the victims and their families. It is so sad, and I just can't understand those assassins. And I also can't understand why people still feel the need to have lots of weapons, to keep them in their homes and everybody, even small children, has access to them. But that's the old discussion people in other countries just don't understand...
I work for our local government and had to grant permits to have guns and pistols for a while. And there are people where you're really not sure if they should be allowed to have weapons...
Annemarie, I think it's always easy - after something like this shooting has happened - to say that somebody behaved strange / suspicious. We all sometimes behave strange. So yhould we all be under a cloud?
After 9/11 they found out that some of the assassins had learned how to fly an airplane in Germany, but the teacher wondered why they never wanted to learn how to land a airplane. After 9/11 we all knew why but has anybody imagined something like that before? What would have happened if he had called the police and said:" I've got some pilot trainees who don't want to learn how to land an airplane." Would the police have taken it seriously? I doubt it...
I feel very sorry for all the victims and their families. It is so sad, and I just can't understand those assassins. And I also can't understand why people still feel the need to have lots of weapons, to keep them in their homes and everybody, even small children, has access to them. But that's the old discussion people in other countries just don't understand...
I work for our local government and had to grant permits to have guns and pistols for a while. And there are people where you're really not sure if they should be allowed to have weapons...
Annemarie, I think it's always easy - after something like this shooting has happened - to say that somebody behaved strange / suspicious. We all sometimes behave strange. So yhould we all be under a cloud?
After 9/11 they found out that some of the assassins had learned how to fly an airplane in Germany, but the teacher wondered why they never wanted to learn how to land a airplane. After 9/11 we all knew why but has anybody imagined something like that before? What would have happened if he had called the police and said:" I've got some pilot trainees who don't want to learn how to land an airplane." Would the police have taken it seriously? I doubt it...
carolhathaway- Achieving total Clooney-dom
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Join date : 2015-03-24
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
it would for me depend on how suspicious sometimes it's just gut instinct. In America everyone is under a cloud especially the Muslim's that are here. It has been that way since 911 so I don't think them calling the police or FBI would have been a problem they investigate find nothing and move on or they decide there is nothing to investigate that is their job. We are told if you see something say something.
I asked my son if he thought we should take in the refugee's, his reason for his answer surprised me.
He said no, because they would not be safe here. I had never thought of it that way but looking at the hate
that has been shown and the events that have happened and will continue to happen he is probably right.
Sadly , people don't want to learn and try to understand others so they lump everyone together and innocent people get hurt.
I asked my son if he thought we should take in the refugee's, his reason for his answer surprised me.
He said no, because they would not be safe here. I had never thought of it that way but looking at the hate
that has been shown and the events that have happened and will continue to happen he is probably right.
Sadly , people don't want to learn and try to understand others so they lump everyone together and innocent people get hurt.
annemarie- Over the Clooney moon
- Posts : 10309
Join date : 2011-09-11
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
This was another terrible tradegy in our country. It is sad and of course scary. I think what's happening with ISIS in particular and the political climate in our country right now had put everyone on edge. In the U.S. Our politicians are stoking the fear factor though. We need calm. It stuns me that Americans fear foreigners coming into our country more than our own citizens who because of mental illness, hate or resentment go out on almost a daily basis and kill with their legal and illegal guns. That scares me so much more than refugees from a middle eastern country coming into the states to start a new life.
Donnamarie- Possibly more Clooney than George himself
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Join date : 2014-08-26
Location : Washington, DC
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
It is hard to know what is "suspicious" after the fact. Not sure what neighbors noticed in San Bernadino, but I remember after 9/11 I had an elderly neighbor who called the police because 4 arab men at her gym did not shower after they worked out but put their suits back on and left in a mercedes. ?! Police should not have to spend the time following up on some of this.
fava- More than a little bit enthusiastic about Clooney
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Join date : 2011-02-24
Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Donnamarie wrote:Does anyone know where Nicky is???
She hasn't posted here in quite a while.
No clue. I've sent her several messages via other media and no response. I do hope she's okay.
LornaDoone- Moderator
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Sorry but... Italians do it better
Anniversary of FIRST COMPUTER EVER
50 years ago Olivetti made it
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programma_101
La Perottina
Programma 101
The Programma 101, also known as Perottina, was the first commercial "desktop computer".[1][2] Produced by Italian manufacturer Olivetti, based in Piedmont, and invented by the Italian engineer Pier Giorgio Perotto. It was launched at the 1964 New York World's Fair, volume production started in 1965. A futuristic design for its time, the Programma 101 was priced at $3,200[3] ($23,000 if adjusted to 2011[4]). About 44,000 units were sold, primarily in the US.
It is usually called a printing programmable calculator or desktop calculator because three years later the Hewlett-Packard 9100A, a model that took inspiration from the P101, was advertised by HP as a "portable calculator", in order to be able to overcome the fears of computers[5] and be able to sell it to corporations without passing through the corporate computer department.[6] The concept of "stored program", however, allows the Programma 101 to be considered a true computer.[7]
Front view of a programma 101 showing the printer and programming keys
The Programma 101 was able to calculate the basic four arithmetic functions (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), plus square root, absolute value, and fractional part. Also clear, transfer, exchange, and stop for input. There were 16 jump instructions and 16 conditional jump instructions. It's the conditional jump instructions that help lay claim to "computer" (a state machine) rather than "calculator" (a simple enumerator of instructions). 32 label statements were available as destinations for the 32 jump instructions and/or the four start keys (V, W, Y, Z).[8]
Each full register held a 22-digit number with sign and decimal point.
Its memory consisted of 10 registers: three for operations (M, A, R); two for storage (B, C); three for storage and/or program (assignable as needed: D, E, F); and two for program only (p1, p2). Five of the registers (B, C, D, E, F) could be subdivided into half-registers, containing an 11-digit number with sign and decimal point. When used for programming, each full register stored 24 instructions. So its most distinctive structural difference from later computers was that its instruction space and its data space were functionally separate.
It printed programs and results onto a roll of paper tape, similar to calculator or cash register paper.
Programming was similar to assembly language, but simpler, as there were fewer options. It directed the exchange between memory registers and calculation registers, and operations in the registers.
The stored programs could be recorded onto plastic cards approximately 10 cm × 20 cm that had a magnetic coating on one side and an area for writing on the other. Each card could be recorded on two stripes, enabling it to store two programs. All ten registers were stored on the card, allowing programs to use up to ten stored 11-digit constants.
The program to calculate logarithms occupied both stripes of one magnetic card.
All computation was handled by discrete devices (transistors and diodes mounted on phenolic resin circuit card assemblies), as there were no microprocessors, and integrated circuits were in their infancy. It used an acoustical delay line memory with metal wires as a data storage device. Magnetostriction transducers inside an electromagnet attached to either side of the end of the wire. Data bits entering the magnets caused the transducer to contract or expand (based on binary value) and to twist the end of the wire. The resulting torsional wave moved down the wire. A piezoelectric transducer converted the bits into an electronic signal that was then amplified and sent back to the beginning with a delay time of 2.2 milliseconds. Typically, many bits would be in transit through the delay, and the computer selected them by counting and comparing to a master clock to find the particular bit it required. Delay line memory was far less expensive and far more reliable per bit than flip-flops made from vacuum tubes, and yet far faster than latching relays. This "serial memory" design would later be implemented as mechanical magnetic drum memory in computers and as solid-state shift-register memory in early Visual Display Units.
IBM magnetic card, ca. 1980
Olivetti was famous for its attention to both engineering and design aspects, as the permanent collection at the Museum of Modern Art testify, and the Programma 101 was another example of this attention. Engineering wise, the team worked hard to deliver a very simple product, something that anyone could use. To take care of the ergonomics and aesthetics of a product that didn't exist before, Roberto Olivetti called Mario Bellini, a young Italian architect:
One of the direct results of the Programma 101 team focus on human-centered objectives was the invention of the programmable magnetic card, a revolutionary item for that time allowing anyone to just insert it and execute any program in a few seconds.[9]
It was a very portable and effective solution: a small magnetic strip with a program memorized in it and a space on the other side to write the description. The program was loaded just by inserting the card at the top, and when the card came out at the bottom, it was aligned perfectly with the V, W, Y, Z keys in a way that the author could have written on the card the labels for these buttons, to make the user aware of their new function.[10]
It was designed by Olivetti engineer Pier Giorgio Perotto in Ivrea. The styling, attributed to Marco Zanuso but in reality by Mario Bellini, was ergonomical and innovative for the time, and earned Bellini the Compasso d'Oro Industrial Design Award.
Developed between 1962 and 1964, it was saved from the sale of the computer division to GE thanks to an employee who one night changed the internal categorization of the product from "computer" to "calculator", leaving the small team within Olivetti and creating some awkward situations in the office, since the building except that office was then owned by GE.[11]
The Programma 101 was launched at the 1964 New York World's Fair, attracting major interest. 40,000 units were sold; 90% of them in the United States where the sale price was $3,200[3] (increasing to about $3,500 in 1968.[8])
Hewlett-Packard was ordered to pay about $900,000 ($6.76 million in present day terms [12]) in royalties to Olivetti after copying some of the solutions adopted in Programma 101, like the magnetic card and the architecture, in the HP 9100.[13][14]
About 10[15] Programma 101 were sold to NASA and used to plan the Apollo 11 landing on the moon.
The 101 is mentioned as part of the system used by the US Air Force to compute coordinates for ground directed bombingof B-52 Stratofortress targets during the Vietnam War.[17]
Anniversary of FIRST COMPUTER EVER
50 years ago Olivetti made it
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programma_101
La Perottina
Programma 101
The Programma 101, also known as Perottina, was the first commercial "desktop computer".[1][2] Produced by Italian manufacturer Olivetti, based in Piedmont, and invented by the Italian engineer Pier Giorgio Perotto. It was launched at the 1964 New York World's Fair, volume production started in 1965. A futuristic design for its time, the Programma 101 was priced at $3,200[3] ($23,000 if adjusted to 2011[4]). About 44,000 units were sold, primarily in the US.
It is usually called a printing programmable calculator or desktop calculator because three years later the Hewlett-Packard 9100A, a model that took inspiration from the P101, was advertised by HP as a "portable calculator", in order to be able to overcome the fears of computers[5] and be able to sell it to corporations without passing through the corporate computer department.[6] The concept of "stored program", however, allows the Programma 101 to be considered a true computer.[7]
Contents
- Capabilities
- Construction
- Design and ergonomy
- Interaction design and usability
- History
- References
- External links
CapabilitiesEdit
Front view of a programma 101 showing the printer and programming keys
The Programma 101 was able to calculate the basic four arithmetic functions (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), plus square root, absolute value, and fractional part. Also clear, transfer, exchange, and stop for input. There were 16 jump instructions and 16 conditional jump instructions. It's the conditional jump instructions that help lay claim to "computer" (a state machine) rather than "calculator" (a simple enumerator of instructions). 32 label statements were available as destinations for the 32 jump instructions and/or the four start keys (V, W, Y, Z).[8]
Each full register held a 22-digit number with sign and decimal point.
Its memory consisted of 10 registers: three for operations (M, A, R); two for storage (B, C); three for storage and/or program (assignable as needed: D, E, F); and two for program only (p1, p2). Five of the registers (B, C, D, E, F) could be subdivided into half-registers, containing an 11-digit number with sign and decimal point. When used for programming, each full register stored 24 instructions. So its most distinctive structural difference from later computers was that its instruction space and its data space were functionally separate.
It printed programs and results onto a roll of paper tape, similar to calculator or cash register paper.
Programming was similar to assembly language, but simpler, as there were fewer options. It directed the exchange between memory registers and calculation registers, and operations in the registers.
The stored programs could be recorded onto plastic cards approximately 10 cm × 20 cm that had a magnetic coating on one side and an area for writing on the other. Each card could be recorded on two stripes, enabling it to store two programs. All ten registers were stored on the card, allowing programs to use up to ten stored 11-digit constants.
The program to calculate logarithms occupied both stripes of one magnetic card.
ConstructionEdit
All computation was handled by discrete devices (transistors and diodes mounted on phenolic resin circuit card assemblies), as there were no microprocessors, and integrated circuits were in their infancy. It used an acoustical delay line memory with metal wires as a data storage device. Magnetostriction transducers inside an electromagnet attached to either side of the end of the wire. Data bits entering the magnets caused the transducer to contract or expand (based on binary value) and to twist the end of the wire. The resulting torsional wave moved down the wire. A piezoelectric transducer converted the bits into an electronic signal that was then amplified and sent back to the beginning with a delay time of 2.2 milliseconds. Typically, many bits would be in transit through the delay, and the computer selected them by counting and comparing to a master clock to find the particular bit it required. Delay line memory was far less expensive and far more reliable per bit than flip-flops made from vacuum tubes, and yet far faster than latching relays. This "serial memory" design would later be implemented as mechanical magnetic drum memory in computers and as solid-state shift-register memory in early Visual Display Units.
Design and ergonomyEdit
IBM magnetic card, ca. 1980
Olivetti was famous for its attention to both engineering and design aspects, as the permanent collection at the Museum of Modern Art testify, and the Programma 101 was another example of this attention. Engineering wise, the team worked hard to deliver a very simple product, something that anyone could use. To take care of the ergonomics and aesthetics of a product that didn't exist before, Roberto Olivetti called Mario Bellini, a young Italian architect:
I remember that one day I received a call from Roberto Olivetti: "I want to see you for a complex project I'm building". It involved the design not of a box containing mechanisms and stamped circuits, but a personal object, something that had to live with a person, a person with his chair sitting at a table or desktop and that had to start a relationship of comprehension, of interaction, something quite new because before then computers were as big as a wardrobe. With a wardrobe we don't have any relationship: in fact the most beautiful wardrobes disappear in the wall. But this wasn't a wardrobe or a box, this was a machine designed to be part of your personal entourage.
— Mario Bellini, 2011, "Programma 101 — memory of the future", cit.
Interaction design and usabilityEdit
One of the direct results of the Programma 101 team focus on human-centered objectives was the invention of the programmable magnetic card, a revolutionary item for that time allowing anyone to just insert it and execute any program in a few seconds.[9]
It was a very portable and effective solution: a small magnetic strip with a program memorized in it and a space on the other side to write the description. The program was loaded just by inserting the card at the top, and when the card came out at the bottom, it was aligned perfectly with the V, W, Y, Z keys in a way that the author could have written on the card the labels for these buttons, to make the user aware of their new function.[10]
HistoryEdit
It was designed by Olivetti engineer Pier Giorgio Perotto in Ivrea. The styling, attributed to Marco Zanuso but in reality by Mario Bellini, was ergonomical and innovative for the time, and earned Bellini the Compasso d'Oro Industrial Design Award.
Developed between 1962 and 1964, it was saved from the sale of the computer division to GE thanks to an employee who one night changed the internal categorization of the product from "computer" to "calculator", leaving the small team within Olivetti and creating some awkward situations in the office, since the building except that office was then owned by GE.[11]
The Programma 101 was launched at the 1964 New York World's Fair, attracting major interest. 40,000 units were sold; 90% of them in the United States where the sale price was $3,200[3] (increasing to about $3,500 in 1968.[8])
Hewlett-Packard was ordered to pay about $900,000 ($6.76 million in present day terms [12]) in royalties to Olivetti after copying some of the solutions adopted in Programma 101, like the magnetic card and the architecture, in the HP 9100.[13][14]
About 10[15] Programma 101 were sold to NASA and used to plan the Apollo 11 landing on the moon.
By Apollo 11 we had a desktop computer, sort of, kind of, called an Olivetti Programma 101. It was a kind of supercalculator. It was probably a foot and a half square, and about maybe eight inches tall. It would add, subtract, multiply, and divide, but it would remember a sequence of these things, and it would record that sequence on a magnetic card, a magnetic strip that was about a foot long and two inches wide. So you could write a sequence, a programming sequence, and load it in there, and the if you would — the Lunar Module high-gain antenna was not very smart, it didn't know where Earth was. [...] We would have to run four separate programs on this Programma 101 [...]
— David W. Whittle, 2006 [size=13][size=13][16][/size][/size]
The 101 is mentioned as part of the system used by the US Air Force to compute coordinates for ground directed bombingof B-52 Stratofortress targets during the Vietnam War.[17]
it's me- George Clooney fan forever!
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Huuu long post the last one !
A short one
Not spoil
Enjoy
https://m.facebook.com/jasonhewlettentertainer/photos/a.372064149022.154522.38617339022/10153402329374023/?type=3
A short one
Not spoil
Enjoy
https://m.facebook.com/jasonhewlettentertainer/photos/a.372064149022.154522.38617339022/10153402329374023/?type=3
it's me- George Clooney fan forever!
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
funny one!
http://www.meltybuzz.it/star-wars-7-la-vignetta-con-george-clooney-in-episodio-2-a183606.html
(sorry
tried twice
can't post pic )
http://www.meltybuzz.it/star-wars-7-la-vignetta-con-george-clooney-in-episodio-2-a183606.html
(sorry
tried twice
can't post pic )
it's me- George Clooney fan forever!
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Way 2 Old 4 Dis posting again on COH.... now, that is an awesome Christmas present!!!!!!!!!!! \
Thank you, Santa
Thank you, Santa
PigPen- Mastering the tao of Clooney
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Yep, I thank Santa for that too! Now, can we persuade any of our other 'lost' regulars to return home?
Katiedot- Admin
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
There are several that I wish would start posting again and help get things back on track. They know who they are and if they're still reading, please drop a note so we know you're okay! I miss the old gang!
melbert- George Clooney fan forever!
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
There is one regular with different names I don't think we want back. Careful what you wish for.
annemarie- Over the Clooney moon
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Location
George's house
Mel!
You lucky one!!
And dress up RIGHT for the occasion
George's house
Mel!
You lucky one!!
And dress up RIGHT for the occasion
it's me- George Clooney fan forever!
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Well, now we know where to find Mel if she goes awol!!!
So, how's everyone's christmas and new year plans going?
So, how's everyone's christmas and new year plans going?
Katiedot- Admin
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Well...
Here Nothing relevant by now
Here Nothing relevant by now
it's me- George Clooney fan forever!
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Donnamarie wrote:Does anyone know where Nicky is???
She hasn't posted here in quite a while.
Hello, I'm back. sorry for my long silence. I had a family matter to take care off and had to travel home and I had no Internet there. And when I came back after weeks I had a back accident. I was building up an Ikea cupboard by myself. I had so much back pain afterwards that I couldn't walk and got off work and stayed with a friend as I couldn't move.
I return home today and I feel alive again with my Internet. Back is doing better but not completely recovered yet. Is that a sign of age? LOL
A little drama at the end the year. But next year will only be better
Missed you all. Lot's to catch up.
Nicky80- Casamigos with Mr Clooney
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Nicky, so glad you're back. I hope everything worked out alright with your family and the Ikea cupboard. After all that pain it would be a shame if it didn't come out right.
Please be careful with your back. I have a bad back and I know how painful it can be. If it doesn't feel right in another week or so, get it checked out by your doctor. There might be some exercises you can do to help you heal faster.
You're right. Next year will be better!
Please be careful with your back. I have a bad back and I know how painful it can be. If it doesn't feel right in another week or so, get it checked out by your doctor. There might be some exercises you can do to help you heal faster.
You're right. Next year will be better!
LizzyNY- Casamigos with Mr Clooney
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Sorry, Nicky - didn't mean to say 'you're BACK' in the welcome message.
Very inappropriate in the circumstances. I think someone should set up a 'rent-a-man to help your self assembly needs' service!!
Very inappropriate in the circumstances. I think someone should set up a 'rent-a-man to help your self assembly needs' service!!
party animal - not!- George Clooney fan forever!
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Hope you will be all better soon Nicky.
annemarie- Over the Clooney moon
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Hi Nicky!
Nice to hear from you but sorry about your back pain. Take care of yourself. Backs can be very temperamental. I second what Lizzy said. Get it checked out if you don't feel back to normal soon. You don't want the pain to come back when you merely bend over or turn a certain way.
Hope all is better with your family. There always something going on in our lives to keep us grounded in too much reality.
But the holidays are here and hope you get a chance to enjoy this festive time of year. Cheers dear! And welcome back. Oops. No pun intended.
Nice to hear from you but sorry about your back pain. Take care of yourself. Backs can be very temperamental. I second what Lizzy said. Get it checked out if you don't feel back to normal soon. You don't want the pain to come back when you merely bend over or turn a certain way.
Hope all is better with your family. There always something going on in our lives to keep us grounded in too much reality.
But the holidays are here and hope you get a chance to enjoy this festive time of year. Cheers dear! And welcome back. Oops. No pun intended.
Donnamarie- Possibly more Clooney than George himself
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Hi Nicky. I echo all thats been said about looking
after your back. Its got to last you a long time.
Hope your cupboard is looking cool.
Take care of yourself xx
after your back. Its got to last you a long time.
Hope your cupboard is looking cool.
Take care of yourself xx
Joanna- George Clooney fan forever!
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
And now for the real story....you've been with a certain gentleman ( hint: initials GC) all this time. Which would explain why we haven't seen or heard any fresh news or photos about him lately, either.
Really, glad you're up and about. Relax and enjoy the holidays ahead. And NO SHOVELING SNOW this winter!!!!
Really, glad you're up and about. Relax and enjoy the holidays ahead. And NO SHOVELING SNOW this winter!!!!
PigPen- Mastering the tao of Clooney
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
I would like me too
To know the real story
To know the real story
it's me- George Clooney fan forever!
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
PigPen wrote:Way 2 Old 4 Dis posting again on COH.... now, that is an awesome Christmas present!!!!!!!!!!! \
Thank you, Santa
How sweet is that? Thank you all.
I'll be around, easing into things... and staying away from others. It's a busy time right now (that is not a complaint, in any way), so my posts will be limited, but I'm looking forward to being part of the clan again. I missed you guys.
Good to 'see' you again, Katiedot.
Way2Old4Dis- Mastering the tao of Clooney
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
As we get closer to Christmas, and things get a bit hectic.... if I don't get the chance to say this next week......
Merry Christmas to everyone. May your New Year be healthy, prosperous and blessed.
Merry Christmas to everyone. May your New Year be healthy, prosperous and blessed.
PigPen- Mastering the tao of Clooney
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
thanks the same to you
and most of all I hope you will have time for some quiet moment on the forum
ciao !!
and most of all I hope you will have time for some quiet moment on the forum
ciao !!
it's me- George Clooney fan forever!
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annemarie- Over the Clooney moon
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Yep, merry Christmas to everyone and may this be a peaceful time for all.
Katiedot- Admin
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
I just wanted to add my good wishes for a Merry Christmas and a Happy, Healthy New Year for everyone. May your wishes come true and your days be filled with peace!
LizzyNY- Casamigos with Mr Clooney
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Re: December 2015 Chit Chat
Merry Christmas and Happy New Year
Lella_la_bella- Getting serious about George
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